ANGIOSPERM
1.Angiosperm are flower bearing plants that have seeds enclosed inside the ovary, they originate during Mesozoic era. They grow in almost every kind of habitat.
2.Plant body is differentiated into well developed root stem and leaves.
3.The main reproductive structure is flower .
Parts of flower: Non essential parts —— calyx ,corolla.
Essential parts ——–Pistil and stamen These are reproductive parts.
Calyx corolla are colored parts which are showy and help to attract insect for pollination.
Stamen or androecium : Male reproductive part of flower it has two parts anther and filament ,anther has pollen grains in it, each pollen grain have two cell one vegetative cell which form pollen tube to enter the ovule and second is generative cell which form two male gamete.
Pistil or Gynoecium: This is the female reproductive structure of flower which has three parts stigma, style and ovary. The pollen grain stick on stigma and sent pollen tube to the ovule through style and ovule is present in ovary. Ovule has one egg cell two polar nuclei and synergid cells . One male gamete fuse with egg cell to form diploid zygote and other male gamete fuse with two polar nuclei to form triploid endosperm which provide nourishment to the developing embryo.
4. Double fertilization is the fusion of one male gamete with the egg cell and other with the two polar nuclei to form zygote and the endosperm respectively at the same time .This double fertilization present only in angiosperm in the plant kingdom.
5. After fertilization the ovule ripen into seed and ovary ripen into fruit.
6. When the seed is disperse by wind animal water etc then it germinate to form a new plant.
7. Angiosperm plants are of two types Monocot with single cotyledon and dicot with two cotyledons .Cotyledons are embryonic leaves.
Ex. Ficus,Rose,Mango