| Prokaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell |
| 1. Respiratory enzymes occur in mesosomes the infolds of cell membrane. | 1. Respiratory enzymes are present in mitochondria (cell organelle and site of respiration) |
| 2. In some bacteria photosynthetic enzymes are located in chlorosomes or cell membrane. | 2. Photosynthetic enzymes are located in chloroplast. |
| 3. Cell organelles are absent. | 3. Cell organelles are present. |
| 4. Ribosomes are 70s type. | 4. Ribosomes are 80s type. |
| 5. They contain primitive nucleus called nucleoid .Nuclear envelop is absent. | 5. Nucleus is well developed with nuclear envelop. |
| 6. Plasmids are present. | 6. Plasmids are absent. |
| 7. DNA is linear or circular molecule lacking introns. | 7. DNA is linear molecule which is interrupted by introns. |
| 8. DNA lacks histone protein hence not condensed. | 8. Histone protein is associated with DNA hence makes it condensed. |
| 9. Replication of DNA occurs continuously throughout cell cycle. | 9. Replication of DNA occurs during S phase of cell cycle. |
| 10. They multiply by binary fission. | 10. They multiply by mitosis. |
| 11. Some are capable of nitrogen fixation. | 11. None is capable of nitrogen fixation. |
| 12. Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Mycoplasmas are some examples. | 12. Algae, Blue green protists, fungi, plants and animals are examples. |
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL
| ANIMAL CELL | PLANT CELL |
| 1.It is enclosed by a single living cell membrane. | 1. It is enclosed by a dead thick cell wall in addition to cell membrane. |
| 2. It is mostly oval in shape. | 2. It has rectangular shape. |
| 3. Small numerous vacuoles are present. | 3. Large permanent central sap vacuole is present. |
| 4. Plastids are absent. | 4 Plastids are present. |
| 5. Mitochondria are numerous and cristae of mitochondria are plate like. | 5. Mitochondria are fewer and cristae of mitochondria are tubular. |
| 6. Intermediate fibres are present as a part of cytoskeleton. | 6. Intermediate fibers are absent. |
| 7. Glyoxisomes are lacking. | 7. Glyoxisomes may be present. |
| 8. Tight junctions and desmosomes are present between the cells. | 8. Tight junctions and desmosomes are absent. |
| 9.Spindle forms during cell division is amphiastral. | 9. Spindle forms during cell division is anastral. |
| 10.Contractile vacuole is present. | 10.Contractile vacuole is absent. |
